Even without water, oceans, or something similar, Khan could accept the existence of azure planets. He had seen more than enough that could justify that color, be it vegetation or other materials. The universe featured all kinds of strange stuff, especially when the Nak's mana was involved.
So, the planet alone wouldn't normally be enough to draw conclusions, but the moons were. Those three celestial bodies orbiting the unnamed spherical object shared its unique blue shade, and Khan's ship didn't capture any trace of life from them.
Of course, that specific shade of blue marked the Nak's passage, but Khan had been sure of that since outside that star system. Yet, as extensive as the color was, it only confirmed the planet's Tainted nature.
Meanwhile, the fact that the azure extended to the moons tried to tell a far greater, mysterious story. Whatever had happened on that planet had to have been big, bigger than anything Khan had ever seen during previous investigations.